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  4. Which of the following is the most stable carbanion?

Q. Which of the following is the most stable carbanion?

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Solution:

Benzyl carbanion is stabilized by resonance.

electron-releasing groups (+I groups) make the carbanion less stable. Thus, a primary carbanion is more stable than secondary carbanion, which in turn, is more stable than a tertiary, because of +I effect associated with alkyl groups. Decreasing order of stabilities of carbanion is

Electron-attracting groups (-I groups) like will stabilize carbanion by partial removal of the negative charge on the carbon.

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