Q. Ammonia forms the complex ion with copper ions in the alkaline solutions but not in acidic solutions. What is the reason for it?

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In acidic solutions, protons coordinate with ammonia molecules forming ions and molecules are not available

In alkaline solutions insoluble is precipitated which is soluble in excess of any alkali

Copper hydroxide is an amphoteric substance

In acidic solutions hydration protects copper ions

Solution:

Ammonia forms the complex ion with copper ions in the alkaline solutions but not in acidic solutions as in acidic solutions, forms a bond with to give ion which does not have a lone pair on N to act as a ligand.

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