Q. If $S$ and $V$ are one main scale and one Vernier scale and $n-1$ divisions on the main scale are equivalent to $n$ divisions of the Vernier, then

Physical World, Units and Measurements Report Error

Solution:

Least count $=1\, MSD -1\, VSD$
$=S-V=S-\left(\frac{n-1}{n}\right) S=\frac{S}{n}$
$[\because n V=(n-1) S]$
It is also called vernier constant.
So choices (1) and (2) are correct.
Choice (4) is wrong and choice (3) is correct, since for all vernier scales similar approach can be used.