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NEET 2021 BotanyBiology Questions with Answers Key Solutions
Solution:
Cells with active cell division - Meristematic tissue
Tissue having all cells similar in structure and function - Simple tissue
Tissue having different types of cells - Vascular tissues
Dead cells with highly thickened walls and narrow lumen - Sclereids
Solution:
The correct sequence of steps in PCR is Denaturation, Annealing and Extension.
Solution:
Lenticels - Exchange of gases
Cork cambium - Phellogen
Secondary cortex - Phelloderm
Cork - Suberin deposition
Solution:
$a$ - replication of DNA;
$b$ - Transcription;
$c$- Translation;
$d$ - Protein
Solution:
Xenogamy is transfer of pollen grains from anthers of one plant to stigma of a different plant which, during pollination, brings genetically different types of pollen grains to stigma.
Solution:
DNA strands on a gel stained with ethidium bromide when viewed under UV radiation appear as bright orange bands.
Solution:
Mature sieve tube elements do not have nucleus but have cytoplasm. (Anucleated living cells)
Solution:
Species facing competition might evolve mechanisms that promote co-existence rather than exclusion. One such mechanism is 'resource partitioning'. MacArthur showed that five closely related species of warblers living on the same tree were able to avoid competition and co-exist due to behavioural differences in their foraging activities.
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Solution:
Protoplast fusion - Pomato
Plant tissue culture - Totipotency
Meristem culture - Virus free plants
Micropropagation - Somaclones
Solution:
Punnet square : It is a diagram which shows the production of gametes by parents, formation of zygotes, the $F_{1}$ and $F_{2}$ plants.
Solution:
Genera like Selaginella and Salvinia (Pteridophytes) form two types of spores microspores and megaspores and they are described as heterosporous.
Solution:
The amount of nutrients, such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium present in the soil at any given time is called standing state
Solution:
In Amensalism one species is harmed $(-)$ whereas the other is unaffected $(0)$.
Solution:
Cohesion - Mutual attraction among water
Adhesion - Attraction towards polar surfaces
Surface tension - More attraction in liquid phase
Guttation - Water loss in liquid phase
Solution:
Purification of isolated protein is not an application of $PCR$ (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
Solution:
Addition of chilled ethanol precipitates the genomic DNA during the isolation of DNA or genetic material.
Solution:
Gross primary productivity minus respiration losses $(R)$, is the net primary productivity $(NPP)$.
$GPP - R = NPP.$
Solution:
The first stable product of $CO _{2}$ fixation in Sorghum $\left( C _{4}\right.$ plant) is Oxaloacetic acid.
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Solution:
The pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted because the biomass of fishes far exceeds that of phytoplankton.
Solution:
Cristae - Infoldings in mitochondria (inner membrane)
Thylakoids - Flattened membranous sacs in stroma of plastids
Centromere - Primary constriction in chromosome
Cisternae - Disc shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus
Solution:
Amino acids and Glucose are primary metabolites but not secondary metabolites as they have some known functions.
Solution:
Ectocarpus (Brown alga) has mannitol as reserve food material.
Solution:
A typical embryo sac is $8$-nucleated and$7$-celled. It is polygonum type.
Solution:
Gene therapy is a collection of methods that allows correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo. Here genes are inserted into a person’s cells and tissues to treat a disease. Amplification is sed to increase the expression of desired gene.
Solution:
During meiosis centromere division is seen in Anaphase $II$
Solution:
The ability of plants to form morphologically different structures by following different pathways in response to environment or phases of life is called Plasticity.
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Solution:
Chara is an alga with monoecious condition. It has male sex organ antheridium and female sex organ oogonium at the same node. Cycas circinalis, Carica papaya and Marchantia polymorpha are dioecious.
Solution:
Metacentric chromosome has a median centromere, due to which it has two almost equal arms. It attains $V$ shape in anaphase.
Solution:
The site of perception of light in plants during photoperiodism is leaf.
Solution:
Founder effect and bottleneck effect are two types of genetic drift. In a small isolated population change in gene frequency occurs by chance, it is called genetic drift. Sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called founder effect.
Solution:
The synthetic auxin $2,4- D$ is used to destroy weeds in a monocot field.
Solution:
Nitrococcus - Conversion of ammonia to nitrite
Rhizobium - Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia
Thiobacillus - Denitrification
Nitrobacter - Conversion of Nitrite to Nitrate
Solution:
Inter fascicular cambium is formed from medullary ray cells which is a part of vascular cambium in dicot stems.
Solution:
Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes is called as plasmogamy
Solution:
Transcription is terminated when Rho factor binds to RNA polymerase in bacteria.
Solution:
The integral form of the exponential growth equation as $Nt = N _{0} e ^{ rt }$
Where,
$Nt =$ Population density after time $t$
$N _{0}=$ Population density at time zero
$r=$ intrinsic rate of natural increase
$e=$ the base of natural logarithms (2.71828)
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Solution:
In ETC of respiration, oxidation of one molecule of $NADH + H ^{+}$gives rise 3 ATP and $FADH _{2}$ produces 2 ATP.
Solution:
$RNA$ polymerase III is involved in transcribing $tRNA,\, 5s\, rRNA$ and $snRNA$
Solution:
In dicot families like Solanaceae, Rosaceae and Leguminosae the viability of pollen grains remain months together after their release.
Solution:
S phase - DNA replication
$G_{2}$ phase - Proteins are synthesized
Quiescent stage - Inactive phase
$G_{1}$ phase - Interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication.
Solution:
mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has no complimentarity with it.
Solution:
Since the gene is inserted at Pst I of $a m p^{R}$ region of pBR322, the $a m p^{R}$ gene is inactivated which is called as insertional inactivation. Hence the genetically modified E.coli strain will not be able to confer ampicillin resistance.
Solution:
-Fabaceae
-Solanaceae
-Liliaceae
-Brassicaceae
|
-Fabaceae |
|
-Solanaceae |
|
-Liliaceae |
|
-Brassicaceae |
Solution:
In Cyclic photophosphorylation only PSI is involved but not PSII.
Solution:
Protein - Peptide bonds
Unsaturated fatty acid - has $C=C$ double bonds
Nucleic acid - Phosphodiester bonds
Polysaccharide - Glycosidic bonds
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