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  4. Which of the following condition will be observed in a person suffering from sickle cell anemia? DNA mRNA Amino acid at 6th position of β chain A CTC GAG Valine B CAC GUG Glutamic acid C CTC GAG Glutamic acid D CAC GUG Valine

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Q. Which of the following condition will be observed in a person suffering from sickle cell anemia?
DNA mRNA Amino acid at $6^{th}$ position of $\beta$ chain
A CTC GAG Valine
B CAC GUG Glutamic acid
C CTC GAG Glutamic acid
D CAC GUG Valine

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Solution:

In sickle cell anemia the codon, instead of the normal codon GAG, the messenger RNA will contain the codon GUG. This in turn will result in a mistake during translation. In a healthy individual the codon GAG on the messenger RNA matches with the anticodon CUC on the transfer RNA carrying the amino acid glutamic acid. However, if the mutated gene is present then GUG on the messenger RNA matches with the anticodon CAC on the transfer RNA which carries the amino acid valine