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Q.
Which bond angle $\theta$ would result in the maximum dipole moment for the triatomic molecule $X Y_{2}$ as shown below?
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Solution:
The dipole moment of two dipoles inclined at an angle $\theta$ is given by the equation,
$\mu=\sqrt{X^{2}+Y^{2}+2 X Y \cos \theta}$
$\cos 90^{\circ}=0$. As the angle increases from $90^{\circ}$ to $180^{\circ}$, the value of $\cos \theta$ becomes more and more $-$ ve and hence resultant decreases. Thus, dipole moment is maximum when $\theta=90^{\circ} .$
