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  4. Propionic acid with Br2 /P yields a dibromo product. Its structure would be

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Q. Propionic acid with $Br_2 /P$ yields a dibromo product. Its structure would be

AIPMTAIPMT 2009Aldehydes Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Solution:

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Carbonylic acids reacts with $Cl _{2}$ or $Br _{2}$ in presence of red $P$ to give exclusively $\alpha$-chloro or $\alpha$-bromo acids.
This reaction is called Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky (HVZ) reduction. This reaction is example of $\alpha$-H-substitution.