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Q.
In which of the following compounds the angle between two covalent bonds is highest?
EAMCETEAMCET 1999
Solution:
$ \text{C}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}\text{,N}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}} $ and $ {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}\text{O} $ all the three molecules shows $ \text{s}{{\text{p}}^{3}}- $ hybridisation. In these molecules $ \text{C}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}} $ has bond angle $ \text{10}{{\text{9}}^{\text{o}}} $ 28 and have tetrahedral structure. But $ \text{N}{{\text{H}}_{3}} $ and $ {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}\text{O} $ has one and two lone pair of electrons respectively. Due to the presence of lone pair of electrons $ \text{N}{{\text{H}}_{3}} $ and $ {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}\text{O} $ their bond angle is decreased as $ \text{10}{{\text{7}}^{\text{o}}} $ and $ \text{10}{{\text{4}}^{\text{o}}} $ respectively and have pyramidal and V shape respectively. Hence, the angle is maximum in $ \text{C}{{\text{H}}_{4}}. $