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Q.
Arrange the following molecules from most to least polar.
NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2022
Solution:
(i) $\text{lnCH}_{4}$ and $CCl _{4}$ being tetrahedral (symmetrical molecules), bond dipoles cancel one other resulting in zero dipole moment.
(ii) As electronegativity difference between two bonded atoms increases, the bond polarity increases resulting into the increase in dipole moment. $C - F$ bond has less dipole moment than $C - Cl$ bond as the $F$ is smaller.
The overall dipole moment is
$CF _{2} H _{2}> CH _{2} Cl _{2}> CF _{2} Cl _{2}> CH _{4}= CCl _{4}$
