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  4. According to modern colloidal theory, the protoplasm is a polyphasic colloidal system. This was first suggested by:

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Q. According to modern colloidal theory, the protoplasm is a polyphasic colloidal system. This was first suggested by:

Jharkhand CECEJharkhand CECE 2002

Solution:

Protoplasm is the fundamental material of all living organisms. The colloidal theory of protoplasm was proposed by Fisher $(1894)$ and Hardy $(1899)$. According to them protoplasm is a heterogenous polyphasic colloidal system which appears in different phases like reticular, fibrillar, granular or alveolar. J.E. Purkinje in $1839-40$ and Hugo Von Mohl in $1846$ coined the term protoplasm and described its relationship to the cell. Max Schultz $(1861)$ proposed protoplasm theory i.e., cell is an accumulation of living substances which have a nucleus and limited by an outer membrane E. Strasburger $(1875)$ described mitosis in plants.