Q. Which of the following blood groups is universal donor?
Solution:
Blood groups are specialized characteristic of blood in human due to presence of controlled antigen and antibody. Blood groups are of four types and . Three of the four blood groups ( and ) were discovered by Landsteiner , a German biochemist, AB blood group was discovered later by his student de Castello and Steini .
Blood transfusion compatibilities for the blood group.
Blood group
Antigen present
Antibody present
May receive from
May Donate
A
A
Anti-b
A or O
A,AB
B
B
Anti-a
B or O
B,AB
AB
A and B
None
A , B , AB or O (universal acceptor)
AB
O
None
Anti-a and anti-b
O
A, B, A B and 0 (universal donor)
Type individuals lack both antigens but carry both anti-b and anti-a antibodies in their serum. Thus, type individuals are referred to as universal donor. Type blood can be used in transfusion for individual of any blood type, if the blood is introduced slowly enough to permit sufficient dilution of anti- and anti- antibodies present in the serum of the donor.
| Blood group | Antigen present | Antibody present | May receive from | May Donate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | A | Anti-b | A or O | A,AB |
| B | B | Anti-a | B or O | B,AB |
| AB | A and B | None | A , B , AB or O (universal acceptor) | AB |
| O | None | Anti-a and anti-b | O | A, B, A B and 0 (universal donor) |