Q. The immune system is made up of
Solution:
Many biological structures and processes functions within an organism that protects against disease, and several infections are called host defence system. The system is often classified into subsystems like the innate and adaptive systems, humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. The immunity mediated by macromolecules found in extracellular fluids like secreted antibodies, complement proteins, and specific antimicrobial peptides is known as humoral immunity.
A response involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Therefore the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen without antibodies is called the cell-mediated immune response.
T lymphocytes are a lymphocyte (a subtype of white blood cell) that play a central role in cell-mediated immunity. Lymphocytes like B-cells and T-cells are produced within the bone marrow. They're called T- cells because they mature within the thymus.
Once they've presented with peptide antigens by MHC class II molecules, expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activates the T helper cells, the activated T cell divide rapidly secrete cytokines that regulate or assist the immune reaction. The humoral immune response is mediated by antibody molecules that are secreted by plasma cells. An antigen that binds to the B-cell antigen receptor signals B cells and is, at an equivalent time, internalized and processed into peptides that activate armed helper.
A response involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Therefore the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen without antibodies is called the cell-mediated immune response.
T lymphocytes are a lymphocyte (a subtype of white blood cell) that play a central role in cell-mediated immunity. Lymphocytes like B-cells and T-cells are produced within the bone marrow. They're called T- cells because they mature within the thymus.
Once they've presented with peptide antigens by MHC class II molecules, expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activates the T helper cells, the activated T cell divide rapidly secrete cytokines that regulate or assist the immune reaction. The humoral immune response is mediated by antibody molecules that are secreted by plasma cells. An antigen that binds to the B-cell antigen receptor signals B cells and is, at an equivalent time, internalized and processed into peptides that activate armed helper.