Q.
The F2 dihybrid ratio 12:3:1 is explained on the basis of
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Principles of Inheritance and Variation
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Solution:
When two different genes which are not alleles, effect the same trait of the organism, the expression of one covers up the expression of the other. A gene that masks or prevents the expression of another is called epistatic to it and the gene that is hidden is known as hypostatic. Such interactions give modified F2 ratio as 12:3:1.