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  4. The diagram shows the structure of a bacterial cell. <img class=img-fluid question-image alt=Question src=https://cdn.tardigrade.in/q/nta/b-g0zcrk3d1nluoezn.jpg /> The presence of structure X in the bacterial cell is one reason why bacteria are used in genetic engineering. In the cloning vector pBR322, which gene is responsible for the replication of structure X?

Q. The diagram shows the structure of a bacterial cell.
Question
The presence of structure X in the bacterial cell is one reason why bacteria are used in genetic engineering.
In the cloning vector pBR322, which gene is responsible for the replication of structure X?

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Solution:

A plasmid is the extrachromosomal DNA found in bacteria which forms an important tool in easy gene manipulation and vector for carrying the gene of interest for transmission and expression. Structure X is a plasmid.
In the E. coli cloning vector, rop codes for the proteins involved in the replication of the plasmid.
BamHI and ClaI are restriction sites on the vector, while ori stands for the origin of replication site.