C4 plants have a characteristic Kranz type of leaf anatomy. The vascular bundles are surrounded by a layer of bundle sheath cells that contain a large number of chloroplasts. The chloroplasts in C4 leaves are dimorphic (2 morphologically distinct types). The chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells are bigger and arranged centripetally. The mesophyll cells contain normal chloroplasts. Mesophyll and bundle sheath are connected by plasmodesmata. The mesophyll cells perform C4 cycle and the cells of bundle sheath perform C3 cycle.
