Q.
Nitrogen gas is filled in an insulated container. If α fraction of moles dissociates without exchange of any energy, then the fractional change in its temperature is
Degree of freedom of diatomic nitrogen =5
Degree of freedom of monoatomic nitrogen =3
Let initial number of moles be n and α fraction dissociated.
So fraction dissociated =nα fraction remaining =n−nα. nα break into two so new atoms formed is actually 2nα.
Initial energy is given by =n×2f×RT=n×25×RT
Final energy =(n−nα)25RT2+2nα×23RT2 =25nRT2−25nαRT2+nα3RT2 =25nRT2+2nαRT2 =2(5+2)nRT2
Change in energy is given on zero. 25nRT=2(5+α)nRT2 5+α5T=T2 ΔT=T2−T
or ΔT=5+α5T−T=5+α−αT
Fractional change in temperature =TΔT or −5+αα