Question

Mongolian Idiocy due to trisomy in 21st chromsome is called

• A. Down's syndrome
• B. Turner's syndrome
• C. Klinefelter's syndrome
• D. Triple X syndrome.

Answer 1

Answer: (A)

Down's syndrome (Mongolian Idiocy, Mongolism) is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome number 21. The infant has a characteristic ; face with a flat nasal bridge, brushfield spots, protuding tongue, small ears and cardiac lesions. All affected children have mental retardation (moderate), short stature and autoimmune abnormalities. All males are infertile and females have reduced fertility. Sickle cell anaemia is not a sex linked (i.e., X linked) disease but an autosomally inherited recessive trait. Hemophilia is X-linked but not holandric/Y-linked. Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disease due to absence of neurotransmitter substance ''dopamine" from brain. It is not at all hereditary.