Question

Match the steps of protein by synthesis given in columnI with their feature given in column-II and select the correct combination from the given options.

Column I		Column II
A	Termination	1	Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
B	Translation	2	Okazaki fragments
C	Transcription	3	GTP dependentrelease factor
D	DNA replication	4	RNA polymerase

• A. A - II; B - I; C - III; D - IV
• B. A - III; B - I; C - IV; D - II
• C. A - IV; B - III; C - I; D - II
• D. A - II; B - III; C - I; D - IV

Answer 1

Answer: (B)

GTP dependent release factor is involved in the termination. Termination requires the activities of three release factors $R_1,R_2,R_3$. A release factor allows for the termination of translation by recognizing the termination codon or stop codon in an mRNA sequence. Amino acyl tRNA synthetase is an enzyme which plays an important role in translation during protein synthesis. This enzyme is responsible for the specific amino acylation of tRNA. Transcription is the process of transferring the information stored in DNA into a new molecule of mRNA through the synthesis of RNA over the DNA template. Transcription is carried out with the help of an RNA polymerase enzyme and a number of accessory proteins (called transcription factors). RNA polymerase enzyme is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence. DNA replication is the process in which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Okazaki fragments are short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging (or discontinuous) template strand during DNA replication.