In gymnosperm (like Cedrus) the male and female gametophyte do not have an independent free living existence. They remain within the sporangia retained on the sporophytes i.e., female gametophyte with megasporangium and male gametophyte within microsporangium. In bryophytes like Polytrichum and Funaria, the main plant body is a gametophyte which is independent and the sporophyte is partially or fully dependent on gametophytic generation. In pteridophytes (Pteris) gametophyte is usually independent and sporophyte is the dominant phase in the life cycle.