In meristem culture, the shoot apical meristem along with some surrounding tissue is grown in vitro. It is used for clonal propagation and recovery of virus free plants. It is also potentially useful in germplasm exchange and long term storage of germplasm through freeze preservation. Protoplast culture involves the culture of protoplasts (plant cell without cell wall) on suitable medium. Embryo rescue is the culture of incised immature embryo to raise new plants. Anther culture involves the culture of anthers on artificial culture medium. It is helpful in obtaining haploid plants.