The respiratory quotient (RQ) of respiration is the ratio of volume of carbon dioxide liberated during respiration to the volume of oxygen absorbed or consumed to evolve that amount of CO2. Depending on the respiratory substrate, there are four possibilities of this RQ value, like
1. The RQ is 1, when glucose is respired. C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+ATP 6O26CO2=1
2. The RQ is less than 1 and is nearly 0.71 when a triglyceralide is respired and is nearly 0.7 to 0.9 when protein is respired. C57H104O2(Fat)+80O2→57CO2+52H2O80O257CO2=0.71
3. The RQ is more than 1 when some organic acid is respired. 2C2H2O4(Oxalicacid)+O2→4CO2+2H2O1O24CO2=4
4. The RQ is infinity when anaerobic respiration is taking place.
During starvation, the carbohydrate is not available and thus fat and proteins are respired. This makes the RQ fall below 1.