Germ cells are biological cells that give rise to the gamete of organisms that reproduces sexually. The fusion of two germ cells results in two identical sets of chromosomes. This condition allows the chromosome to form a bivalent pair and behave like a diploid individual.
Somatic cells are those cells of the body that do not produce gamete. Somatic cell fusion results in the formation of a new hybrid plant.
Hybridization is a process in which two individuals of different genetic constituents fuse together. Somatic hybrids are produced by the fusion of naked protoplasts. This fusion helps in transferring desirable qualities such as disease resistance and stress and pest resistant. Polyethylene glycol, electrofusion is an agent that helps infusion to produce somatic hybrids. Agents that help in protoplast fusion called Fusogen.
For the fusion of two cells, the cell wall must be removed.