Ligands can be arranged in a series in the orders of increasing field strength as given below : I−<Br−<S2−<Cl−<NO3−<F−<OH−<EtOH<C2O42−<H2O<NCS−<EDTA<NH3<en<NO2−<CN−<CO
Such a series is termed as spectrochemical series. It is an experimentally determined series based on the absorption of light by complexes with different ligands.