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  4. Why do calcium ions makes water hard but sodium ion does not?

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Q. Why do calcium ions makes water hard but sodium ion does not?

J & K CETJ & K CET 2010Hydrogen

Solution:

Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of higher fatty acids, eg, sodium stearate. Sodium stearate or sodium and potassium salts of higher fatty acids are water soluble but the corresponding magnesium and calcium salts are not. Thus, these make water hard.