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  4. Which of the following symbols are used for representing chromosome of birds?

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Q. Which of the following symbols are used for representing chromosome of birds?

UP CPMTUP CPMT 2007

Solution:

Sex chromosomes are those chromosomes whose presence, absence or particular form determines the sex of the individual in unisexual or dioecious organisms, e.g., XX - XY, XX - XO, ZZ - ZW, ZZ - ZO. Besides determining sex, these chromosomes also control a number of morpho-physiological traits called sex-linked characters. In birds, some reptiles and fishes, the females have heterotrophic (ZW) sex chromosomes and are hence heterogametic (A + Z, A + W). W-chromosome determines the female sex. The males have homomorphic sex chromosomes (ZZ) and are hence homogametic (A + Z). XX - XY is found in mammals and many insects. XO - XX is found in roundworms, bugs and cockroaches etc.