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  4. Which of the following series contains atoms/groups having only -M (mesomeric) effect?

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Q. Which of the following series contains atoms/groups having only $-M$ (mesomeric) effect?

Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques

Solution:

$C O R,-C O O R \Rightarrow -M \,\,\, ; \,\,\,-O R \Rightarrow +M$

$- Cl ,- NH _{2} \Rightarrow +M \,\,\, ; \,\,\,\,- CHO \Rightarrow -M$

$- NO _{2},- CN ,- SO _{3} H \Rightarrow -M$

$- OH ,- N R_{2},- S R \Rightarrow +M$