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  4. Which of the following is the smallest endocrinal gland?

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Q. Which of the following is the smallest endocrinal gland?

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020

Solution:

The pineal gland is the smallest endocrine gland located on the dorsal side of forebrain. Pineal secretes a hormone called melatonin. Melatonin is acetyl derivative of serotonin. Melatonin plays a very important role in the regulation of a 24-hours sleep-wake cycle (diurnal rhythm or circadian rhythm) of our body. It helps in maintaining the normal rhythms of body temperature and the sleep-wake cycle. In addition, melatonin also influences the menstrual cycle, metabolism, pigmentation, as well as our defense capability.