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Q.
Which of the following is most basic in nature?
Rajasthan PETRajasthan PET 2010
Solution:
Basicity of amines depends upon the availability of lone pair of nitrogen for donation. Electron releasing group like $ -C{{H}_{3}} $ increases the basicity of amines by increasing electron density over nitrogen, which facilitate the donation of lone pair of electrons. Electron withdrawing groups like $ -Ph $ group withdraws electrons and thus, make amines less basic by decreasing electron density over nitrogen. Hence, the order of basic nature of the given amines is $ {{(C{{H}_{3}})}_{2}}NH>{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}N{{(C{{H}_{3}})}_{2}}>C{{H}_{3}}N{{H}_{2}}>N{{H}_{3}} $ Thus, $ {{(C{{H}_{3}})}_{2}}NH $ is most basic.