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Q. Which of the aromatic compounds react fastest with methoxide ion?

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2022

Solution:

It is an example of $S_{N}Ar$ reaction. In this reaction carbanion is formed as an intermediate. Hence, the rate of reaction depends on stability of carbanion. These carbanion are stabilised by electron withdrawing groups attached to benzene ring. A nitro group from para position activate more for $S_{N}Ar$ reaction due to electron withdrawing resonance effect than from meta position by inductive effect.