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Q. When an ideal monoatomic gas is heated at constant pressure, the fraction of the heat energy supplied which increases the internal energy of the gas is

AIIMSAIIMS 2017Kinetic Theory

Solution:

By first law of thermodynamics
Q = U + W
$\,\,=\frac{f}{2}nRT+P\int dV=\frac{f}{2}nRT+PV$
or$\quad Q=\frac{f}{2}nRT+nRT\,\,\left(\because \,PV=nRT\right)$
$\quad\quad\quad=\frac{3}{2}nRT+nRT=\frac{5}{2}nRT$
$\therefore \quad$ Fraction of heat energy supplied $=\frac{U}{Q}$
$\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad\,\, =\frac{\left(3/2\right)nRT}{\left(5/2\right)nRT}=\frac{3}{5}\quad$