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Q. What type of crystal defect is indicated in the diagram below ?
$Na ^{+} Cl ^{-} Na ^{+} Cl ^{-} Na ^{+} Cl ^{-}$
$Cl ^{-} \square Cl ^{-} Na ^{+} \square Na ^{+}$
$Na ^{+} Cl ^{-} \square Cl ^{-} Na ^{+} Cl ^{-}$
$Cl ^{-} Na ^{+} Cl ^{-} Na ^{+} \square Na ^{+}$

The Solid State

Solution:

Schottky defect is a defect which is produced when one cation and anion are missing from their respective positions leaving behind a pair of holes. The crystal as a whole remains neutral because the number of missing positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions) is the same.
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