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  4. What is the decreasing order of basicity of 1°, 2° and 3° ethyl amines and ammonia?

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Q. What is the decreasing order of basicity of 1$^{\circ}$, 2$^{\circ}$ and 3$^{\circ}$ ethyl amines and ammonia?

AIPMTAIPMT 1994Amines

Solution:

As the number of alkyl groups increases, the electron density on nitrogen atom also increases, so the basic character increases but 3$^{\circ}$ amines are less basic than 2$^{\circ}$ amines due to steric hindrance of 3$^{\circ}$ amines, so the correct order of basicity is $$ Ammonia < 1 $^{\circ}$ < 3$^{\circ}$ < 2$^{\circ}$ $NH_3 < C_2 H_5 NH_2 < (C_2H_5)_3 N < (C_2 H_5)_2 NH$