Q. What is formed when nitrobenzene is reduced using zinc and alkali?
AMUAMU 2005
Solution:
Reduction of nitrobenzene
Medium
Reagent
Product
Acid
$Sn/HCl$
Aniline
Neutral
$Zn/NH_4Cl$
N - phenylhydroxyl amine
Alkaline
$Na_3AsO_3/NaOH$
Azoxy benzene
$Zn/NaOH, CH_3OH$
Azo benzene
$Zn/NaOH, C_2H_5OH$
Hydrazo benzene
Metallic hydride
$LiAlH_4$
Aniline
Electrolytic reduction
dil. $H_2SO_4$
Aniline
When nitrobenzene is reduced by zinc and alkali then hydrazobenzene is formed.
| Medium | Reagent | Product |
|---|---|---|
| Acid | $Sn/HCl$ | Aniline |
| Neutral | $Zn/NH_4Cl$ | N - phenylhydroxyl amine |
| Alkaline | $Na_3AsO_3/NaOH$ | Azoxy benzene |
| $Zn/NaOH, CH_3OH$ | Azo benzene | |
| $Zn/NaOH, C_2H_5OH$ | Hydrazo benzene | |
| Metallic hydride | $LiAlH_4$ | Aniline |
| Electrolytic reduction | dil. $H_2SO_4$ | Aniline |