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  4. What is common between NAD and FAD?

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Q. What is common between NAD and FAD?

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020

Solution:

Enzymes are of two types: (1) Simple enzyme, which is made up of only protein (e.g. pepsin, trypsin) and (2) Conjugated enzyme (holoenzyme), which is made up of protein (the apoenzyme) and non-protein part (cofactor).
The protein part of the enzyme is called an apoenzyme, while the non-protein part associated with the polypeptide chain is known as the cofactor.
Cofactor activates the enzyme by binding with it. Cofactors are of three types: (1) Coenzyme, (2) Prosthetic group and (3) Metal ion (Activator).
Coenzyme- Organic molecules that loosely and transiently bind to the enzyme are known as coenzymes. They are easily separable nonprotein organic cofactor.
Some examples of coenzymes are NAD (coenzyme I), NADP (coenzyme III) and ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). These are derived from vitamin B3 (Nicotinic acid). Thiamine (vitamin -B1) containing coenzyme is Biotin (vitamin H or coenzyme R).FAD, FMN are derived from vitamin B2.