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  4. Two traits, that is starch synthesis and shape of seed in Pea is

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Q. Two traits, that is starch synthesis and shape of seed in Pea is

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Solution:

Gene is a segment of DNA responsible for expression of proteins which in true expresses the character or feature represented by the gene. When this gene is regulating the expression of more than one feature in an organism such phenomenon is called pleiotropy.
In pea plant, starch synthesis is controlled by a single gene with two alleles B and b. The homozygous form BB produces large size starch grain and bb produces smaller size starch grain. Also, it was observed that this gene was controlling the shape of seed as well. On maturity, BB condition produced round shape seed and bb produced wrinkled seed. Single gene was effectively regulating the multiple phenotypic expression - seed shape and starch synthesis.