Q. Two species competing for the same resource can avoid competition by choosing different habits. This phenomenon is called_________and was supported by _____
NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020
Solution:
Competition is a type of negative interaction. Competition is best defined as a process in which the fitness of one species (measured in terms of its 'r' the intrinsic rate of increase) is significantly lower in the presence of another species. Interspecific competition is said to be the potent force of evolution.
Competition can take two forms:
(a) Competitive exclusion:-Gause and other ecologists demonstrated it in a laboratory. They gave Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle which states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist long period and the competitively inferior species will get eliminated (true only if resources are limited) or in simple words, no two species can occupy the exact same niche in the same geographical area.
(b) Competitive co-existence:- In some cases of interspecific competition, it is found that species facing competition might evolve mechanisms that promote co-existence rather than exclusion by changing their feeding time or different foraging patterns. This is called resource partitioning. MacArthur showed that Five closely related species of warblers avoid competition by changing foraging patterns.
Competition can take two forms:
(a) Competitive exclusion:-Gause and other ecologists demonstrated it in a laboratory. They gave Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle which states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist long period and the competitively inferior species will get eliminated (true only if resources are limited) or in simple words, no two species can occupy the exact same niche in the same geographical area.
(b) Competitive co-existence:- In some cases of interspecific competition, it is found that species facing competition might evolve mechanisms that promote co-existence rather than exclusion by changing their feeding time or different foraging patterns. This is called resource partitioning. MacArthur showed that Five closely related species of warblers avoid competition by changing foraging patterns.