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Q.
Two Nicol prisms are first crossed and then one of them is rotated through $60^{\circ}$. The percentage of incident light transmitted is
Wave Optics
Solution:
If, $I_{0}$ is intensity of unpolarized light,
then from 1 st Nicol prism, $I_{1}=\frac{I_{0}}{2}$
From 2 nd Nicol prism, $I_{2}=I_{1} \cos ^{2}\left(90^{\circ}-60^{\circ}\right)$
$=\frac{I_{0}}{2}\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^{2}=\frac{3}{8} I_{0}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{I_{2}}{I_{0}}=37.5$