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Q.
The total area covered by all the biodiversity hotspots is
NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020Biodiversity and Conservation
Solution:
Biodiversity hotspots are the region with very high levels of species richness and a high degree of endemism (that is, species confined to that region and not found anywhere else). Initially, 25 biodiversity hotspots were identified but subsequently, nine more have been added to the list, bringing the total number of biodiversity hotspots in the world to 34.
These hotspots are also regions of accelerated habitat loss. Three of these hotspots - Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma, and Himalaya - cover our country’s exceptionally high biodiversity regions. Although all the biodiversity hotspots put together cover less than 2% of the earth’s land area, the number of species they collectively harbour is extremely high and strict protection of these hotspots could reduce the ongoing mass extinctions by almost 30%.