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Q.
The term "the evil quartet" is related with four major causes of
NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020
Solution:
The world is facing species extinction at an accelerated rate, which is majorly due to human activities. 'The Evil Quartet' are the four major causes of biodiversity losses:
(i) Habitat loss and fragmentation;
(ii) Over-exploitation;
(iii)Alien species invasions;
(iv) Co-extinctions. Habitat loss and fragmentation: It is one of the most significant causes which has driven plants and animals towards extinction. One of the dramatic examples of this is the loss of the Amazonian cover, reducing from 14% to 6%. Over-exploitation: The overexploitation of natural resources occurs when 'need' turns into 'greed'. It often leads to the extinction of a species due to the drastic reduction in its population. Few examples include the passenger pigeon and Steller's sea cow. Alien species invasion: The introduction of alien or exotic or non-native species into a certain geographical region may lead to them becoming invasive and cause the decline of indigenous species. Co-extinction: When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also become extinct. For example, if a certain species of fish go extinct, the unique parasites associated with it also die along with it.