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  4. The reaction of white phosphorus with aqueous NaOH gives phosphine along with another phosphorus containing compound. The reaction type, the oxidation states of phosphorus in phosphine and the other product respectively are

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Q. The reaction of white phosphorus with aqueous $NaOH$ gives phosphine along with another phosphorus containing compound. The reaction type, the oxidation states of phosphorus in phosphine and the other product respectively are

IIT JEEIIT JEE 2012Redox Reactions

Solution:

The reaction of white phosphorus with aqueous alkali is $P_4 + 3NaOH + 3H_2O \longrightarrow PH_3 + NaH_2P O_2$ In the above reaction, phosphorus is simultaneously $oxidised [P_4 ( 0 )\longrightarrow NaH_2\,{}^{+1}_{P} O_2]$ as well as reduced $[P_4(0) \longrightarrow \,{}^{-3}_{P} H_3]$. Therefore, this is an example of disproportionation reaction. Oxidation number of phosphorus in $PH_3\, is\, - 3\, and\, in\, NaH_2P O_2$ is + L However, + 1 oxidation number is not given in any option, one might think that $NaH_2P O_2$ has gone to further decomposition on heating. $2NaH_2P O_2\, \, \xrightarrow{\Delta}\, \, \, Na_2H\,{}^{+5}_{P} O_4 +PH_3$