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  4. The oxygen evolved during photosynthesis, comes from water molecules. Which one of the following pairs of elements is involved in this reaction?

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Q. The oxygen evolved during photosynthesis, comes from water molecules. Which one of the following pairs of elements is involved in this reaction?

AIPMTAIPMT 2015Mineral Nutrition

Solution:

Oxygen is evolved during photosynthesis by the process of photolysis of water taking place in the membranes of grana thylakoids. The phenomenon of breaking up of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the illuminated chloroplasts is called photolysis or photocatalytic splitting of water. Light energy, an oxygen evolving complex (OEC) and electron carrier Yz are required for this process. Oxygen evolving complex is attached to the inner surface of thylakoid membrane and the enzyme has four Mn ions. Light energised changes in Mn (Mn{2+}, Mn{3+}, Mn{4+}) remove electrons from OH- component of water forming oxygen. Liberation of O2 also requires two other ions, Ca2+ and Cl-

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