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  4. The graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate at which the enzyme in a biological washing powder digests and removes fruit juice stains. <img class=img-fluid question-image alt=Question src=https://cdn.tardigrade.in/q/nta/b-y6ycohrlcjh787yl.jpg /> Which statements explain the shape of the graph at temperatures higher than X? I. Bonds are broken between the R groups of the amino acids in the polypeptide chains of the enzyme. II. There are more collisions between the enzyme and its substrate. III. The tertiary structure of the enzyme is altered. IV. The shapes of the active site and the substrate are no longer complementary.

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Q. The graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate at which the enzyme in a biological washing powder digests and removes fruit juice stains.
Question
Which statements explain the shape of the graph at temperatures higher than X?
I. Bonds are broken between the R groups of the amino acids in the polypeptide chains of the enzyme.
II. There are more collisions between the enzyme and its substrate.
III. The tertiary structure of the enzyme is altered.
IV. The shapes of the active site and the substrate are no longer complementary.

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2022

Solution:

Enzymes generally function in a narrow range of temperature. Each enzyme shows its highest activity at a particular temperature called optimum temperature. Low temperature preserves the enzyme in a temporarily inactive state whereas high temperature destroys enzymatic activity because proteins are denatured by heat.