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  4. The essential element needed for water splitting in photosynthesis leading to O2 evolution is

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Q. The essential element needed for water splitting in photosynthesis leading to $O_{2}$ evolution is

AMUAMU 2012Mineral Nutrition

Solution:

When photosystem-II becomes excited, it splits a molecule of water to release oxygen, i.e., photolysis of water takes place. Ions like manganese, chloride and calcium play an important role in splitting of water. $H_{2} O \xrightarrow [Ca ^{+2}, Mn ^{+2}, Cl ^{-}]{{\text { Light Energy }+P_{680}(P S-II)}}2 H ^{+}+\frac{1}{2} O _{2}+2 e^{-} \downarrow$ Passed to oxidised $P_{680}$