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  4. The effective nuclear charge of Mg (Z = 12) is

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Q. The effective nuclear charge of Mg (Z = 12) is

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Solution:

$Mg\left(Z=12\right)$
$E.C. \quad\begin{matrix}1 s^{2}&2 s^{2} 2p^{6}&3 s^{2}\\ \left(n-2\right)&\left(n-1\right)&n\\ \sigma\, of 2e^{-} in \left(n-2\right)^{th}&8e \, in\left(n-1\right)^{th}&1e ^{-}in\, n^{th} orbit\end{matrix}$
$\begin{matrix}2.0&+&6.8&+&0.35=9.15\end{matrix}$
$Z^{* }=12-9.15=2.85 \approx3$