Q. The division of the plant kingdom into Prokaryota and Eukaryota is based on the character of
Chhattisgarh PMTChhattisgarh PMT 2004
Solution:
Prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cell
Nuclear material is not enclosed by nuclear envelope and lies directly in cytoplasm. It is called nucleoid.
It is enveloped by nuclear envelope. Nucleus is distinct from cytoplasm.
DNA is circular and not associated with histone the proteins.
Nuclear DNA is linear and associated with histone proteins Extranuclear DNA is circular and histone protein free.
Membrane bound organelles are absent.
Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast and other organelles are present
They have $70\,S$ ribosomes ($30\,S$ and $50\,S$).
Cell wall is surrounded by plasma membrane is some protists most fungi and all plant cells. Animal cells lack it.
| Prokaryotic cell | Eukaryotic cell |
|---|---|
| Nuclear material is not enclosed by nuclear envelope and lies directly in cytoplasm. It is called nucleoid. | It is enveloped by nuclear envelope. Nucleus is distinct from cytoplasm. |
| DNA is circular and not associated with histone the proteins. | Nuclear DNA is linear and associated with histone proteins Extranuclear DNA is circular and histone protein free. |
| Membrane bound organelles are absent. | Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast and other organelles are present |
| They have $70\,S$ ribosomes ($30\,S$ and $50\,S$). | Cell wall is surrounded by plasma membrane is some protists most fungi and all plant cells. Animal cells lack it. |