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  4. The correct order of decreasing basic character of the three aliphatic primary amines is

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Q. The correct order of decreasing basic character of the three aliphatic primary amines isChemistry Question Image

Amines

Solution:

Note the point of difference in the given compounds which here lies at $\beta$-carbon. In I, II, III, the $\beta$-carbon atoms are $s p^3, s p^2$ and $s p$ hybridised respectively which in turn cause the difference in their $s$ character. We know that more is the $s$ character of an atom, greater will be its electronwithdrawing nature. Thus $s p(50 \% s$ character) hybridised carbon is most electron-withdrawing, while $s p^3(25 \% s$ character) is least electron-withdrawing. Further, we know that presence of an electron-withdrawing group decreases basicity of an amine. Thus

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