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Q. The capacitance $C$ of a capacitor is

J & K CETJ & K CET 2008Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Solution:

By definition, Charge(Q) acquired by the plates of a capacitor is proportional to the potential difference $(V)$ applied to it.
$ \begin{array}{l} \text { i.e. } \quad Q \propto V \\ \Rightarrow \quad Q = CV , \end{array} $
Where $C$ is the constant of proportionality called capacitance of the capacitor. The capacitance $( C )$ of a capacitor depends on its geometrical configuration(i.e. size and shape) of the capacitor and on the dielectric medium inside it. e,g, Capacitance of a parallel plated capacitor, $C =\frac{ K \epsilon_{0} A }{ d }$ Therefore, On changing Potential difference, the charge on the capacitor changes proportionately and vice versa. But capacitance does not change, as it is the constant of proportionality.