Question

The biological definition of a species depends on

• A. the geographical distribution of two groups of organisms.
• B. reproductive isolation of two groups of organisms.
• C. anatomical and developmental differences between the two groups of organisms.
• D. difference in the adaptation of two groups of organisms.

Answer 1

Answer: (B)

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• Carolus Linnaeus (1707 to 1778), a Swedish naturalist proposed a system to name and organise species and is considered the Father of Taxonomy and also the Father of Modern Botany. He proposed three groups: “Kingdoms” which are divided into “Classes”; these classes are divided into “Orders” which are further divided into “Genera” and then into “Species” (epithet in case of plants).
• In biological classification, species is one of the basic taxonomic ranks that can be represented as the unit of biodiversity.
• A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms sharing similar characteristics, capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offsprings and that makes it the only taxonomic category to have real existence.
• Species also ensure reproductive isolation between two groups of organisms.
• Examples, potato (Solanum tuberosum) and mango (Mangifera indica).