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Q.
Study the orbital diagrams of two atoms $‘X$ and $Y'$. Which subshell will be more stable and why?
Structure of Atom
Solution:
Element X, have half-filled electronic configuration thus will be more stable than Y. This is due to:
1. Symmetrical distribution of electrons in all degenerated orbitals. This makes a configuration stable.
2. Exchange energy: In atom $X$, all are singly occupied orbital. Thus, the electrons can exchange among all five orbitals and will have high stabilisation due to high exchange energy whereas in element $Y$, only three orbitals have singly occupied electron with same spin and thus can show exchange behaviour/exchange energy less than $X$.
