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  4. Statement I: When P N -junction is forward biased, then motion of charge carriers at junction is due to diffusion. In reverse biasing, the cause of motion of charge is drifting. Statement II: In the following circuit, emitter is reverse biased and collector is forward biased.

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Q. Statement I: When $P N$ -junction is forward biased, then motion of charge carriers at junction is due to diffusion. In reverse biasing, the cause of motion of charge is drifting.
Statement II: In the following circuit, emitter is reverse biased and collector is forward biased.Physics Question Image

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials Devices and Simple Circuits

Solution:

In forward biasing of $P N$ junction current flows due to diffusion of majority charge carriers. While in reverse biasing current flows due to drifting of minority charge carriers. The circuit given in the reason is a $P N P$ transistor having emitter more negative w.r.t. base so it is reverse biased and collector is more positive w.r.t. base so it is forward biased.